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Elephanta Caves: The Rock-cut Temple dedicated to Shiva

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I have been meaning to write about this since it was requested sometime during the last year (yes, that long!). My apologies for the delay - I was so excited about getting back to writing the blog, but probably from writing the thesis I ended up having what they call a writer’s block. A few days ago I was reading an article on another blog I follow, and suddenly I felt inspired to write again, so here we are!  The name Elephanta brings back a lot of memories from different years of life. I remember visiting it as a picnic spot with my family when I was a school kid some twenty odd years ago. The Island is located about 10 km off the coast of Mumbai and is accessible by ferries and launches during the day; these can be boarded from the Gateway of India. It roughly takes an hour-long boat ride to get there. After alighting on the pier, there is an option of boarding a toy train which drops the tourists upto the foothill from where the ascent to the island begins. Imagine my excitement as

Guest Article - Indian Mythology Series: Revanta

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Sun, one of the primordial elements of Nature, is present as a revered deity in so many cultures. He is considered a life-giver and as many of us know and understand today is also known to cause heat waves. His role in Indian mythology is rather important and has a well-established cult in the country. We have very beautiful and elaborately planned temples dedicated to Surya. There’s more to Surya than just a life source and heat waves. Surya, according to Vishnu, Matsya, Kurma, Markandeya and Devi Bhagavata Puranas has an entire family tree, with wives and children. The solar deity is the father to many of minor deities like Manu, Yama, Yami, Shani, etc. The youngest of his children is Revanta or Raivata.    Mythology It is common to note that Indian deities are known to shape-shift and Surya is no exception. According to the story, his wife Saranya or Sanjna is said to have been unable to bear the heat of Surya (just like the summer months of today) and took the form of a mare and we

Guest Article - Indian Mythology Series: Mohini Avatar of Lord Vishnu

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Indian mythology is filled with complex characters who are set in designated patterns and narratives. They are all assigned spaces and purposes – to impart a lesson. It is shed either in a positive or negative light. In the Hindu pantheon, it is a common feature for any deity/ divine being to have the ability to shape-shift. Changing forms or avatāras give rise to other beings which are present for a different purpose. This gives rise to more stories and they end up being cultic figures on their own or enhancing the cult of their primary form. One such deity is Vishnu who, apart from being a part of the Trinity is known to have many forms. One of them is a beautiful woman called Mohini. She has been mentioned in a few Puranas like Vishnu Purana, Kūrma Purana, Agni Purana, the Ramayana, and the Mahabharata. Albeit small, she finds a rather important place in Hindu mythos.  Legends and stories Mohini is first introduced in the story of the churning of the ocean. The devas and the asuras

Textiles: Block Prints of India

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The legacy of textiles in India can be traced back thousands of years ago, in the times when the Harappan civilization flourished in the Indus Valley. The very popular bust of the Priest-King where a male figure is portrayed donning a robe on his left shoulder with drilled trefoil pattern is an excellent indicator of the well-developed textile craft in the region. Evidence of cotton fiber, tools used in the process of weaving, excavated structures recognized as possible dyeing workshops, remains of indigo seeds and a solitary fragment of madder dyed cotton are all the proofs of an advanced textile manufacturing knowledge prevalent among the Harappans. One such textile tradition, known as Hand Block printing, possibly (although not conclusively proven) found its roots in this very civilization. Hand block printing or block printing is a technique where wooden blocks are pressed and stamped on the fabric to get desired prints. However, to obtain such finesse, an elaborate procedure is fo

The 2022-23 Hiatus!

  Hello dear readers! I have been MIA on the blog since the last year and a half, or more probably. Too many things were happening, but majorly I was focusing on completing my doctoral thesis. Now that most of the academic writing work is taken care of, I can get back to enjoying writing this blog! I am considering what new topics to write about. I have a few at hand which I am working on, at the moment. If anyone has any particular concept or topic they'd like to read about, do comment below and let me know. Also, in another news, I am moving out of the world of academia. Excited to find out what's in store for me next. Stay tuned for some amazing write-ups coming up on the page soon. Till then, take care. Cheers, B.

Archaeology Vs Palaeontology: Know the difference!

When I get asked about what I do for a living, I say that I am an archaeologist. It is then often followed by questions like, "so you dig dinosaurs?!", "How many dinosaurs have you found yet?" and other questions related to "dinos" basically! Social media is largely responsible for the spread of information which is many-a-times full of ambiguity and errors. So here’s a basic write-up to help you understand how archaeology and palaeontology are different fields of study.  Let’s look at archaeology first. A famous anthropologist Leslie White once said, culture is “man’s extrasomatic means of adaptation”. And archaeology is the study of past human cultures. Extrasomatic means anything that exists outside of the individual human body. Archaeology encompasses everything created by past humans as a means to adapt to their surroundings and advance as a species. The different types of objects produced by past humans are called artefacts. These are made by shaping

Bead ornaments in the archaeological record

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They say “A Diamond is Forever''. But is it really the case? Well, diamonds have not exactly been around ‘forever’ in the jewellery market, until De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd. used the slogan to channel the consumer demands by marketing diamonds as being the symbol of eternal love. So then what exactly was the ornament type preferred by our good ol’ prehistoric folks? Before metal was discovered, the prehistoric humans used to fashion necklaces, earrings and other ornaments out of raw materials such as semi-precious stones, mollusc shells, animal teeth, eggshells, presumably flowers and bird feathers as well. Few or most of these materials were usually available in their vicinity. If you have read the earlier article I wrote about shells , then you probably know that they were frequently used to craft ornaments. But what I found surprising while researching for this article is that shell beads might have links with development of language in humans! Mind boggling right? Mar